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IE-IFS Capsule Cards FREE Evolution of Indian Econo…
Which sector suffered the most severe contraction during the COVID-19 pandemic?
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Contact-intensive services, trade, hotels, and transport sectors.
Continuation:
Conversely, Agriculture remained robust and resilient due to exemptions from lockdown restrictions.
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COVID-19 Economic Impact
Evolution of Indian Economy & Structural Changes 176
WA 176
IE-IFS Capsule Cards FREE Evolution of Indian Econo…
What are the three major economic shocks India faced in the last four decades?
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1991 BoP crisis, 2008 global financial crisis, and COVID-19 pandemic.
Continuation:
These shocks led to major structural shifts, reforms, and changes in growth trajectories.
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Three Major Economic Shocks
Evolution of Indian Economy & Structural Changes 146
WA 146
IE-IFS Capsule Cards FREE Evolution of Indian Econo…
How did India mitigate the effects of the 2008 global financial crisis?
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The government provided 3 stimulus packages totaling Rs. 1.86 lakh crore.
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RBI also eased monetary conditions, injecting Rs 5.6 lakh crore into domestic/external liquidity.
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2008 Global Financial Crisis Response
Evolution of Indian Economy & Structural Changes 105
WA 105
IE-IFS Capsule Cards FREE Evolution of Indian Econo…
How did India's GDP recover in the year 2021-22 after the pandemic?
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The economy rebounded, achieving an estimated growth rate of 8.9%.
Continuation:
This followed a severe contraction of 6.6% in the previous year (2020-21) due to the first wave.
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Post-COVID GDP Recovery
Evolution of Indian Economy & Structural Changes 95
WA 95
IE-IFS Capsule Cards FREE Evolution of Indian Econo…
What caused the rapid deindustrialisation of India in the 19th century?
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Decline of the Mughal Empire, uncompetitive textiles, and British trade policies.
Continuation:
British-backed commercialization was motivated by self-interest, harming local artisans.
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Deindustrialisation under British Rule
Evolution of Indian Economy & Structural Changes 94
WA 94
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Real-life link: Think of your bank. Decades ago it financed mostly agriculture; now it heavily funds IT and services. This is 'Structural Change'.
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Understanding Structural Change
Evolution of Indian Economy & Structural Changes 136
WA 136
IE-IFS Memory Tricks PRO Evolution of Indian Econo…
India faced 3 major economic shocks in 4 decades: 1991 BoP crisis, 2008 Global Financial Crisis, and 2020 COVID-19 pandemic.
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The 3 Major Economic Shocks
Evolution of Indian Economy & Structural Changes 103
WA 103
IE-IFS Memory Tricks PRO Evolution of Indian Econo…
Exam Trap: During COVID-19 lockdowns, 'Agriculture' was the ONLY resilient sector showing positive growth, while services and industry contracted heavily.
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COVID-19 Sector Anomalies
Evolution of Indian Economy & Structural Changes 96
WA 96
IE-IFS Capsule Cards FREE Evolution of Indian Econo…
What does 'structural change' in an economy refer to?
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Fundamental changes in the critical components of the economy over time.
Continuation:
Example: Transition from an agriculture-dominated economy to a services-led economy.
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Definition of Structural Change
Evolution of Indian Economy & Structural Changes 41
WA 41
IE-IFS Capsule Cards FREE Evolution of Indian Econo…
Which land taxation systems were introduced by the British in India?
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Zamindari, Mahalwari, and Ryotwari systems.
Continuation:
These systems led to extreme exploitation, landless labour, and an increased frequency of famines.
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British Tax Systems in India
Evolution of Indian Economy & Structural Changes 41
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IE-IFS Capsule Cards FREE Evolution of Indian Econo…
What was the primary goal of British railway infrastructure in India?
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To move commodities from hinterlands to ports for export and aid investors.
Continuation:
It inadvertently facilitated commercialisation of agriculture but accelerated deindustrialisation.
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Impact of British Railways
Evolution of Indian Economy & Structural Changes 41
WA 41
IE-IFS Capsule Cards FREE Evolution of Indian Econo…
How did the real estate sector perform post the first COVID-19 wave?
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It was severely impacted initially but showed gradual recovery signs.
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The recovery in gross fixed capital formation was expedited by active government investment.
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Post-COVID Real Estate Sector
Evolution of Indian Economy & Structural Changes 37
WA 37
IE-IFS Capsule Cards FREE Evolution of Indian Econo…
What was the state of the Indian labour market under British rule?
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It remained a low-quality labour market with less than one-sixth literate.
Continuation:
Famines and disease outbreaks further weakened the population's survival and productivity.
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Labour Market during British Rule
Evolution of Indian Economy & Structural Changes 33
WA 33
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Evolution of Indian Economy & Structural Changes — JAIIB IE-IFS Capsules

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All 13 cards on this page
COVID-19 Economic Impact Which sector suffered the most severe contraction during the COVID-19 pandemic? Three Major Economic Shocks What are the three major economic shocks India faced in the last four decades? 2008 Global Financial Crisis Response How did India mitigate the effects of the 2008 global financial crisis? Post-COVID GDP Recovery How did India's GDP recover in the year 2021-22 after the pandemic? Deindustrialisation under British Rule What caused the rapid deindustrialisation of India in the 19th century? Understanding Structural Change Real-life link: Think of your bank. Decades ago it financed mostly agriculture; now it heavily funds IT… The 3 Major Economic Shocks India faced 3 major economic shocks in 4 decades: 1991 BoP crisis, 2008 Global Financial Crisis, and 202… COVID-19 Sector Anomalies Exam Trap: During COVID-19 lockdowns, 'Agriculture' was the ONLY resilient sector showing positive growt… Definition of Structural Change What does 'structural change' in an economy refer to? British Tax Systems in India Which land taxation systems were introduced by the British in India? Impact of British Railways What was the primary goal of British railway infrastructure in India? Post-COVID Real Estate Sector How did the real estate sector perform post the first COVID-19 wave? Labour Market during British Rule What was the state of the Indian labour market under British rule?
Chapters in this paper
Micro Finance Institutions Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) Fixed Income Markets – Debt and Bond Markets Interconnectedness of Markets and Market Dynamics Merchant Banking Services Foreign Exchange Markets (IE-IFS) Factoring, Forfaiting and Trade Receivables Discounting System (TReDS) Venture Capital Lease Finance and Hire Purchase Credit Rating and Credit Scoring Pension Products Para Banking and Financial Services Provided by Banks Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) and Infrastructure Investment Trusts (InvITs) An Overview of Indian Economy Fundamentals of Economics, Microeconomics, and Macroeconomics and Types of Economies Indian Financial System – An Overview
Modules in IE-IFS
MODULE A: Indian Economic Architecture MODULE B: Economic Concepts Related to Banking MODULE C: Indian Financial Architecture MODULE D: Financial Products & Services
JAIIB papers
IE-IFS — Indian Economy & Indian Financial System PPB — Principles & Practices of Banking AFM — Accounting & Financial Management for Bankers RBWM — Retail Banking & Wealth Management
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